First Instance Concept/Copyright Statement
February 16, 2026 edition
BY: PPPNet
| National war intensity; and calculation system | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |
| content: A nation’s overall war-fighting capability can be measured using a calculation system. This system and its results can be represented by terms such as “national war intensity” or any other name. Ye Qiquan’s system for calculating a nation’s overall war capability comprises several calculation units: geographical units (including land area and geographical features); political units (including population data; organizational capacity; national history; current military assets and structure); economic units (including agricultural production capacity; industrial production capacity; service sector production capacity; sustained war mobilization capacity; and military technology level); and the state of war. All war capability calculation systems, including the above-mentioned calculation parameters, and the copyright of their content, ownership of the original concepts, and the version of the calculation framework all belong to Ye Qiquan. Based on the above basic framework, the derived computational framework is still copyrighted by Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. (2025). Mathematical Model to Predict Wars. Saudi J. Humanities Soc. Sci. 2025. Vol 10 (5); 243-256. | ||
| National War Intensity Rankings for 2022 | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: in accordance with Based on publicly available data prior to April 2022, and using Ye Qiquan’s “National War Intensity” calculation system, a ranking of the static war capabilities of 170 countries (regions) was calculated. Some of these rankings are as follows: |
| Country | Score | 8 | Saudi Arabia | 443.7 | |
| 1 | China | 888.9 | 9 | Japan | 433.0 |
| 2 | United States | 820.6 | 10 | Indonesia | 424.2 |
| 3 | Russian Federation | 722.2 | 11 | Iran, Islamic Rep. | 413.4 |
| 4 | India | 607.8 | 12 | United Kingdom | 412.6 |
| 5 | Brazil | 515.8 | 13 | Germany | 396.0 |
| 6 | Canada | 482.8 | 14 | France | 394.7 |
| 7 | Australia | 474.1 | 15 | Turkiye | 384.2 |
References:
Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto.
Ye Qiquan. (2025). Mathematical Model to Predict Wars. Saudi J. Humanities Soc. Sci. 2025. Vol 10 (5); 243-256.
| Military alliance war intensity and calculation system | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Within a military alliance, each member’s level of war commitment varies. By combining the level of war commitment of each member with their national war intensity and performing complex calculations, the overall war capability of a war alliance can be calculated. This overall war capability of a war alliance can be named “alliance war intensity” or any other name. Ye Qiquan’s views on the war in Ukraine ( His predictions for a potential European war in 2022 are all based on calculations of the “intensity of military alliance warfare.” These predictions have been validated by the course of the war over the past four years. If the countries involved had followed his political predictions, Europe could have saved at least hundreds of billions of euros in unnecessary spending and avoided hundreds of thousands of casualties. Any war capability calculation system that incorporates the above calculation parameters and the different levels of war commitments of nations within a military alliance; its content copyright, original concept ownership, and calculation framework version all belong to Ye Qiquan. Based on the above basic framework, the derived computational framework is still copyrighted by Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| “The border wall on the Ukrainian battlefield,” as well as the L1 and L2 lines. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| First release date | Submitted to Opinion@guardian.co.uk on April 26, 2022 | ||
| Reissue date | Submitted to International Security on May 23, 2022 | ||
| Reissue date | Published on Google Blog on September 18, 2022 |
content:
As early as April 26, 2022, the second month of the “Special Military Operation,” Ye Qiquan proposed that “there are two border walls in the Ukraine war.” The war will be entangled between these two border walls for a long time.
The L1 and L2 lines are the border walls defined by Ye Qiquan for the Ukrainian battlefield.
The L1 line is the geographical boundary formed by the Dnieper River as the baseline (it may include an extension of 25 kilometers along the Black Sea coast).
The L2 line is the geographical area bounded by the complete administrative boundaries to the west and northwest of the Luhansk and Donetsk regions.
All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright.
| Prediction: Russia will move its national security border to the L1 line. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: On May 23 and June 18, 2022, Ye Qiquan explicitly predicted that the war in Ukraine would be protracted between the L1 and L2 lines. However, from a 100-year perspective, the probability of Russia moving its national security borders to the L1 line is close to 100%. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. (2025). The Background of Russia’s National Strategy. Political Forecasts and In-Depth Analysis. August 2026. Volume 1 (3). Forthcoming. Ye Qiquan. (2023). Whose War? Winners and Losers in the Russia-Ukraine War. PPPNET. Feb. 11, 2023. https://pppnet.net/players-winning-or-losing-from-russia-ukraine-war-2/.Accessed on Wednesday, February 18, 2026. |
| Philosophical definition of war | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: War is a continuous competitive action undertaken by a group or community to secure survival and reproduction within an ecosystem. At the individual level, war manifests as combat capabilities. At the group level, war manifests as a persistent, single-key state. War is not a state unique to humankind, nor is it a capability unique to humankind. The state of war is shared by all living things within the entire Earth’s ecosystem. The capability to wage war is shared by all individual organisms within the Earth’s ecosystem. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| One of the attributes of war: universality | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: War is a universal state of biological competition within the Earth’s ecosystem, not unique to humans. Every individual organism possesses the capacity for war, which is also not unique to humans. Not only humans possess the ability to wage war, but all other animals, all plants, and all microorganisms also possess this ability. The ability to wage war is a fundamental capability upon which biological populations depend for survival, reproduction, and evolution. Universality: All living organisms possess the capacity for war. War is a universal and ongoing state of competition among organisms within Earth’s ecosystem. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| One of the attributes of war: biological. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Warfare is a biological capability. It is the ability shared by all living organisms to achieve the continuous evolution and reproduction of their species by strengthening their competitive capabilities. This capability becomes a… DNA Memory is recorded in biological systems DNA Database. The attributes of war are not only inherited at the individual level, but also continuously developed and evolved at the group level. There are four ways in which the biological attributes of war are transmitted: including heredity; transmission and inheritance; evolution and degeneration; and drift. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| The biological attributes of war: collectivism and collective strategy | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Collectivism and collective strategies are crucial for ensuring the continuation of biological groups. Whether protists, plants, or animals, collectivism and collective strategies are the most fundamental strategies for the survival of biological populations. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| The biological attribute of war: altruism | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Altruistic attributes are a typical manifestation of the group nature of warfare. They are the typical outward characteristics of warfare capabilities at the group level, resulting from the integration of individual and collective interests, and the fusion of self-interest and altruism. Altruism is the process by which an individual within a group integrates their individuality into the group’s unity while obeying or pursuing the group’s interests. The attribute of altruism is the ability of an individual to abandon their own uniqueness in order to submit to the group’s interests. Altruistic attributes manifest in two main ways: heroic altruism and collectivist altruism. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and a Nation’s War Capacity. 2024 Published by Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| One of the attributes of war: the economic attribute | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: War is a perpetual theme in the process of biological evolution. Economic considerations are the sole guiding principle and central axis of war. The economic attributes of war comprise three components: 1. The causes of war are driven by economic objectives; 2. The course of war is dominated by economic resources; and 3. The outcome of a war is determined by economic adjudication. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| Economic objectives drive war | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: The more effective use, seizure, and exploitation of exogenous resources is the endogenous driving force of biological evolution; Brutal biological warfare has led to the development of biodiversity; Peaceful coexistence within a species depends on an order of resource allocation. The fundamental means of establishing an effective internal distribution order is warfare. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| Social institutions are the ways in which economic power is used. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Human social systems are not actively chosen by humans; they are the optimal way of using economic power, selected through the process of war. This optimal way of using economic power can decisively influence the course and outcome of war. When classifying human social systems based on the use of economic power, they can be categorized as follows: Including: Equal rights societies. These include: matrilineal families; matrilineal communes; patrilineal families; patrilineal communes; and early tribes. A vaguely centralized society (or a unipolar society) is a typical tribal alliance or a large tribe; Feudal society (or multi-level society), which is the early form of state typical of European and American countries, and the current state “widely referred to as capitalist society”; Authoritarian societies, early monarchical states, now a few socialist countries, and typical remnants of small monarchical states; All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| Economic factors dominate the course and outcome of war. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Economic power is the foundation for the formation, maintenance, and expansion of empires; Economic efficiency determines the dominant weapon on the battlefield; Economic factors have historically dictated the outcome of wars. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| The outcome of a war determines the order of resource allocation. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: The political power order, the economic adjudication order, and the resource allocation order are all based on the outcome of war; It lacks soft power. “Soft power” is a low-cost means of exerting hard power. Financial power is not unique to capitalist societies; it is simply that it has been given different degrees of integration with political power at different historical stages. In the so-called “capitalist society” stage, financial power is endowed with “the political power to participate in the redistribution of social wealth.” All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. |
| Economic efficiency has pushed carrier battle groups out of the center of the war stage. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Of the three components that constitute “effective range,” online opinion generally assumes that China’s medium-range missiles have an advantage over the United States’ ship-launched weapons in terms of “operational range” and “economic efficiency.” Once the destructive effects of China’s land-based weapons are effectively demonstrated, the United States’ sea-based weapon systems will rapidly move away from the center of the war. Carrier battle groups may then be downgraded to theater-level weapons. Of the three indicators constituting “effective range,” economic efficiency was defined by Ye Qiquan as the most important. It is the most fundamental indicator for defining a “decisive weapon on the battlefield.” In this comparison, major US weapons lag far behind Chinese weapons. |
| Cost comparison between Chinese anti-ship weapons and US aircraft carrier fleets (2022 data) | |||
| project | Unit price (million US dollars) | Exchange value (millions of US dollars) | Equivalent quantity (pieces) |
| Dongfeng 21D | 24 | 26935.3 | 1122 |
| Dongfeng-23 | 30 | 26935.3 | 898 |
| Compiled by: Ye Qiquan (PPPNet www.pppnet.net) | |||
All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright.
References:
Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto.
Yeh Chi-Chuan. Unification of Taiwan in 2026: Impacts, Influences, and Risks. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First Edition. Toronto.
| Sea power politics (order) is entering a downward spiral. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: In the history of human empires, the history of land-based empires occupies a major position. The order of sea-based empires is short-lived. Once land-based weapons regain their advantage in “effective range,” the importance of sea-based weapons will inevitably decline. The maritime political order will also decline in tandem. In the struggle between the American and Chinese empires, even if the United States ultimately prevails, it will inevitably rely on advancements in land-based weaponry rather than sea-based weaponry. Even with this outcome, the long-term trend of the gradual decline of maritime power cannot be altered. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and a Nation’s War Capacity. 2024 Published by Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| The attributes of war: philosophical and political attributes | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Human warfare possesses a unique attribute not found in other forms of biological warfare: its philosophical and political nature. This means that war is not humanity’s only means of survival. Humans have the capacity to actively evade and avoid war. This is the distinctive characteristic of human warfare. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| Humans are the only organisms that possess both “plant-like” and “animal-like” characteristics. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Since the development of agricultural technology, philosophically speaking, humans have evolved into the only species in Earth’s ecosystem that simultaneously possesses animal and plant attributes. Humans have thus broken free from the sole path that animals relied on for survival and reproduction: war and plunder. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| Agricultural technology is the economic foundation for humanity to escape war. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Whether it’s gathering, hunting, or fighting, in essence, it’s all a war of plunder and robbing of the chemical energy of other organisms. The plundering and stealing of chemical energy from other organisms is the only mode of survival and pathway for animals. Agricultural technology has enabled humanity, from a philosophical perspective, to utilize exogenous solar energy. Humanity now possesses the ability to synthesize bioenergy from exogenous solar energy. In other words, humanity has thus acquired “plant-based productivity.” Since humans acquired “plant-like” characteristics, war, plunder, and robbery were no longer their only means of survival. For the first time, humanity possessed the ability to reproduce through “production” rather than “plunder.” Humanity thus gained the ability to escape war. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| War is the cornerstone of human evolution. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Archaeological evidence suggests that early hominids did not occupy a dominant ecological niche within the Earth’s ecosystem. The disappearance of various subgenera of hominids throughout history demonstrates that early hominids faced severe competition. The extinction of other human subspecies and close relatives suggests that the struggle for survival in the biological world is brutal. The vast majority of subgroups of the genus *Homo* experienced defeat in the course of this biological warfare. As a subgroup of the genus Homo, Homo sapiens ultimately secured the optimal ecological position within Earth’s ecosystem through the process of biological warfare. This, in turn, determined that humans possess decisive power in the allocation of Earth’s resources. This competitive outcome stemmed from the process of warfare. All derivative works based on the above fundamental content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and a Nation’s War Capacity. 2024 Published by Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| Humanity has not escaped the risk of “losing in the competition for species”. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: If we extend the scope of philosophical research to the Earth’s ecosystem, we can see that humanity has not escaped the risk of “losing in the competition between species.” In the history of species evolution, the species advantage of humans was a very short-lived period. In the Earth’s ecosystem, there is no shortage of organisms that far surpass others in a single biological characteristic. /A creature stronger than humans; Ye Qiquan believes that a biological evolutionary process cannot be ruled out. The evolutionary pathway is “biological drift,” where a group of organisms suddenly acquires a biological advantage previously possessed only by organisms from other families, orders, or even classes. The combination of several advantageous traits can potentially make a particular group of organisms surpass humans in overall competitive ability. In the “era of highly efficient slavery,” “highly efficient slaves” could acquire “reproductive capacity or self-replication capacity” through various means, thereby far surpassing humans in overall competitiveness. Maintaining appropriate competitive pressure, urging humanity to maintain evolutionary pressure, and preventing the rapid decline of human warfare capabilities are effective ways to maintain the superiority of the human species. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. |
| High-efficiency slaves | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Technological advancements and the emergence of highly intelligent robots will not lead to a situation like Elon Musk’s. Ilya Sutskever believes that “humans will lose their enthusiasm for work and the necessity of work”; Whether in the Earth’s ecosystem, human society, within a country, or even within a company, order is always needed. The probability of disorder is never zero, but periods of disorder are always extremely brief. Brief periods of disorder can only lead to the establishment of a new order. Highly intelligent robots can never lead to a situation where humans are idle. A fundamental requirement of order in a system is that everyone has a corresponding social position. An order without relatively stable social positions is a chaotic order. A chaotic process is the beginning of a new order. Highly intelligent robots are unlikely to achieve overall competitiveness surpassing that of humans. If humans possess the ability to prevent or sever the “self-reproduction capacity” of highly intelligent robots, they can effectively render them “perpetual, highly efficient slaves.” All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| War is a fundamental means for humankind to establish internal order. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: While species compete for ecological positions within the Earth’s ecosystem, the internal struggle for resources among species never ceases. Currently recognized by archaeology and history Throughout 5,000 years of human history, the history of empires and the history of war are the main themes. The birth, emergence, continuation, and decline of the dominant empire in each region is a dynamic history of war. Whenever a new imperial order emerges, a new system of resource allocation takes shape. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| War participates in the cycle of imperial rise and fall | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: War, the struggle for dominant power, the expansion of the ” power gap at each level,” the establishment of resource allocation order, the operation and maintenance of order, the narrowing of the ” power gap at each level,” the decline and instability of order, and the new round of war—this cyclical process is the basic law of human warfare, and based on this, the rise and fall cycle of empires has been formed. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Rise and Fall of Empires. Coming soon. Ralph & Co., Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| The Rise and Fall of Empires | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: The empire’s life cycle repeats itself: the gestation period (decline), the formation period, the rise, the maintenance period, and the decline. This is the universal cycle of imperial rise and fall. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Rise and Fall of Empires. Coming soon. Ralph & Co., Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| Basic patterns of human beings avoiding war | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Agricultural Revolution; Wealth growth; The cost of war is relatively high; Cooperation increases wealth; The mutual benefit of the tribute system; Tribute and submission; Alliances and betrayals. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| War is a necessity for human progress. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: War established humanity’s dominant ecological niche; War enhances human competitiveness; Humans do not possess all-around species advantages; Humanity faces the risk of failing in “overall competitiveness”; The pressure of war prevents humanity from degenerating. War is the fundamental way to maintain the driving force of human evolution. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| War prevents humanity from degenerating. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Human beings are currently showing signs of rapid degeneration; A hero is needed to stop the trend of humanity’s total degeneration; The pressure of war is the fundamental way to prevent the rapid and comprehensive degeneration of humankind. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Rise and Fall of Empires. Coming soon. Ralph & Co., Canada. First edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2026. Ralph Publishers, Canada. Second Edition. Toronto. (Coming Soon) |
| The components of human warfare capabilities | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: There are three essential elements that constitute human warfare capability. They are: Earth’s primary productive forces; The cost of human temperature control; and human creativity. Due to the importance of social institutions, it can be separated from the “human creativity” unit to form a fourth element. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. |
| War and “Human Social Institutions” | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Competition and war drive humanity to choose the social system that best suits the historical circumstances of the time. Of course, outstanding politicians accelerate this process. From the perspective of maximizing the mobilization of economic power for war, human social systems can be categorized as follows: Matrilineal exchange societies (including matrilineal clans and matrilineal communes); Patriarchal societies (including patriarchal clans, patriarchal communes, and early tribes). A vaguely centralized society (or a single-layered power society, or a unipolar centralized society). Feudal decentralized societies (the monarchical system in China before the Qin Dynasty, the kingdom system in modern Europe, modern capitalist countries represented by the United States and France, the socialist system in modern China, the monarchical systems of Britain, Thailand, and Myanmar, and the caste system in India). Centralized societies (including the Chinese dynastic system after the Qin Dynasty and modern small Arab kingdoms). All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and a nation’s war capability. 2026. Ralph Publishers, Canada. Second Edition. Toronto. (Coming Soon) |
| Human social systems and war capabilities | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| Matrilineal societies with social interaction and patrilineal hierarchical societies have weak war capabilities. A single-layered power society (a vaguely centralized society) has strong war-fighting capabilities; Feudal decentralized societies (multi-layered power societies) have extremely strong war-fighting capabilities; Centralized societies possess extremely powerful war-making capabilities. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Rise and Fall of Empires. Coming soon. Ralph & Co., Canada. First edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and a Nation’s War Capability. 2026 Published by Ralph & Co., Canada. Second edition. Toronto. (Coming soon) |
| Capitalist society and slave society do not fall under the category of social systems. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: 1. In a stage of social development where slavery exists on a large scale, slaves have no social attributes, only economic attributes; 2. In the near future, large-scale “highly efficient slaves” will exist extensively in all kinds of social systems where humans coexist; 3. Not attributing social attributes to “highly efficient slaves” is a necessary strategy for humanity as a species to maintain its “overall competitive advantage”; 4. Capital (including industrial capital, financial capital, and state capital) exists in every stage of society. Different social systems (or stages of development) endow capital with different levels of “political power.” In modern so-called “capitalist societies” and even some “socialist” national systems, modern financial capital is endowed with “large-scale schemes of combining with political power.” 5. Modern financial capital has acquired significant “attached political power,” but it still cannot possess “independent political power.” The so-called “capitalist society” has lost its philosophical foundation. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Rise and Fall of Empires. Coming soon. Ralph & Co., Canada. First edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2026. Ralph Press, Canada. Second Edition. Toronto. (Coming Soon) |
| The Relationship Between Economic Path and the Logic of War | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: War and plunder are the only paths to survival for animal species; As an animal species, humans cannot escape war as a fundamental path to survival. With the advent of agricultural technology, humanity acquired “plant attributes” from a philosophical perspective. Humanity gained a survival path other than warfare, namely, a production path. Some human subgroups, whose “production pathways” provide the foundation for their survival and reproduction, naturally develop a “defensive war logic.” They rely on this war logic to protect their property and propagate their population. Some human subgroups, The “production path” can only serve as a supplementary path for them to maintain their survival and reproduction needs. The “war and plunder path” becomes essential for them to maintain their survival and reproduction needs. They naturally developed a set of “offensive war logic”. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Rise and Fall of Empires. Coming soon. Ralph & Co., Canada. First edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and a Nation’s War Capability. 2026 Published by Ralph & Co., Canada. Second edition. Toronto. (Coming soon) |
| The fundamental driving force of weapons development history | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: The most primal impulse driving weapons advancement is the pursuit of greater, even the greatest, lethal range, that is, the pursuit of the longest firing range. In most eras of weapon technology, weapons with the longest range often fail to become the dominant weapons on the battlefield. The dominant weapon on the battlefield must possess the comprehensive advantage of “effective range”; “Effective range” is the real and practical driving force behind the development and progress of weapons. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Rise and Fall of Empires. Coming soon. Ralph & Co., Canada. First edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and a Nation’s War Capability. 2026 Published by Ralph & Co., Canada. Second edition. Toronto. (Coming soon) |
| Prediction: Europe has officially entered a recession that will last at least 200 years. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: |
| First release date | February 18, 2023 | Reissue date | Sunday, February 2, 2025 |
1. Europe officially entered a recession cycle on February 24, 2022. This recession cycle is expected to last at least 200 years.
2. The European war on February 24, 2022, officially declared Europe’s expulsion from the “imperial order power bloc.” Europe was forced to join a war that “weakened its long-term interests.”
3. Europe was thus divided into the “European part” and the “Russian part.” The “Ukrainian trench,” serving as a buffer zone, would function effectively for at least 50 years, and possibly as long as 100 or 200 years.
4. Europe’s international political standing has been severely weakened. Even more far-reaching is the significant reduction in Europe’s geopolitical power.
5. The main part of Europe is far from the “imperial development zone,” and Europe’s resurgence faces more difficulties than regions located in the imperial development zone;
All derivative works based on the above fundamental content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright.
References:
1. PPPNET. (2023). First Released Concept Announcement. PPPNET.NET. https://pppnet.net/first-released-concept-announcement-2/. Accessed on Tuesday, February 17, 2026.
2. YouTube. (2025). B5eu Europe is going to suffer for 200 years (PC version). YouTube. Feb. 2, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6MdRs4-mnsU&list=PLUlOJk7MNDBhhEfzR2yPsfQcRu97Ob_dJ&index=13. Accessed on Tuesday, February 17, 2026.
3. YouTube. (2025). B3a1 Can rearmament save Europe? YouTube. Mar. 23, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oK5d24Cbg0Q&list=PLUlOJk7MNDBhhEfzR2yPsfQcRu97Ob_dJ&index=4. Accessed on Tuesday, February 17, 2026.
| Europe’s resurgence depends on Ye Qiquan’s rescue. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Europe’s recession is long and slow; Europe will long maintain its position as one of the poles of the world’s wealth. The decline in European self-confidence is a slow process, occurring alongside a general decline in their economic standing. Without seizing a “new economic pillar,” Europe’s position as the “pillar of global wealth” will be difficult to maintain. After Europeans’ self-confidence declines, there will be wars between Europeans. If Europeans were to wage war against each other after a significant decline in their economic status, the major powers would not intervene with full force. About 150 years from now, when Europeans can no longer endure the suffering, they will desperately search for a “solution to save Europe.” At that time, they will find the prophecy made by Ye Qiquan 150 years ago in old bookstores. However, whether they can find the specific plan written by Ye Qiquan back then is a high-risk question. All derivative works based on the above fundamental content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: 1. PPPNET. (2023). First Released Concept Announcement. PPPNET.NET. https://pppnet.net/first-released-concept-announcement-2/. Accessed on Tuesday, February 17, 2026. 2. YouTube. (2025). B5eu Europe is going to suffer for 200 years (PC version). YouTube. Feb. 2, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6MdRs4-mnsU&list=PLUlOJk7MNDBhhEfzR2yPsfQcRu97Ob_dJ&index=13. Accessed on Tuesday, February 17, 2026. 3. YouTube. (2025). Can B3a1 rearmament save Europe? YouTube. Mar. 23, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oK5d24Cbg0Q&list=PLUlOJk7MNDBhhEfzR2yPsfQcRu97Ob_dJ&index=4. Accessed on Tuesday, February 17, 2026. |
| (The narrative of European victory related to the Ukraine war) | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: First release date: June 22, 2025 1. European politicians and public opinion generally support the war and are working to prolong its duration and intensify its conflict. This is a fact of international politics. 2. In the five years leading up to the outbreak of the special military operation (European War) on February 24, 2022, the English-speaking media had launched a widespread “civil culture war” to expel Russia from Europe. 3. Based on economic and military statistics, Europe as a whole possesses a comprehensive advantage over Russia; 4. Opposition to Russia and the further division of Russia are both historical and realistic idealism in Europe. 5. The war in Ukraine (the 2022 European war) has successfully entered the phase of a war of attrition. Dragging Russia into a war of attrition is a key long-term strategy for Europe to contain Russia. 6.1 During the Ukraine war, Finland and Sweden successfully joined NATO. This effectively created a “northern blockade” to prevent Russia from invading Europe from the north; 6.2 The accession of Finland and Sweden to NATO brought about another political and military reality: Russia has lost its maritime military operational capabilities in the Baltic and North Seas. The above points establish a general optimism and “victory narrative” in Europe regarding the “Ukrainian War.” This optimistic narrative, or victory narrative, can be termed “European victory theory.” Ye Qiquan argues that the narrative of “European victory” provided theoretical and public support for the continuation of the war in Ukraine, making it difficult to end the war and achieve an effective ceasefire. All derivative works based on the above fundamental content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. (2026). The European Victory Theory and Its Boundaries of Application. Political Prediction and In-Depth Analysis. August 2026. Volume 1 (3): (forthcoming). |
| (The narrative of European defeatism related to the war in Ukraine) | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: First release date: June 22, 2025 European politicians have always been adept at manipulating international current affairs and politics. The widespread optimism among Europeans regarding the war in Ukraine is based on their tradition in international politics. However, viewed from the perspective of Eastern philosophy, this optimism is unlikely to last. At least Ye Qiquan leans towards a “European defeat theory.” 1. Ye Qiquan believes that the statistical advantage of Europe in Russia’s economic and military statistics can only be applied to the battlefield area between the L1 and L2 lines; that is, the statistical basis of the “European victory theory” has a strict applicable range. 2. The fragmentation of Europe has led to a substantial weakening of its overall geopolitical power. The decline (downgrading) of all political forces and powers built upon geopolitical strength is inevitable. 3. Europe’s economic strength and prospects have been significantly weakened; 4. The continued rise in hostility is draining the economic and political power of both Europe and Russia; 5. Europe has lost the political and moral reputation of its top political forces; 6. Europe has lost its political investment appeal; 7. China has changed its “basic policy of supporting a unified and strong Europe.” China will pursue a policy of weakening Europe at its core. As long as it is confirmed that China has changed its “basic policy of supporting a unified and strong Europe,” it is difficult to conclude that Europe has won the war in Ukraine. Ye Qiquan argues that, from a broader and longer-term perspective, the Ukraine war can be largely considered a losing proposition for Europe. In contrast to the “European victory theory,” which encourages and supports the Ukraine war, the “European defeat theory” will remind Europeans to quickly scale back the war and shorten its duration. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. (2026). The Ukraine War: The Conflict Between the Theories of European Victory and European Defeat. Political Prediction and In-Depth Analysis. August 2026. Volume 1 (3): (forthcoming). |
| Prediction: The Space for “One Country, Two Systems” in Taiwan | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: Ye Qiquan In 2019, it was clearly predicted that “Taiwan may lose substantial space under the ‘one country, two systems’ framework.” Ye Qiquan’s interpretation The 2022 white paper stated that the Chinese central government had clearly defined the “two systems” space for Taiwan. That is: The status of the Special Administrative Region has not been determined; Taiwanese officials must accept supervision from the central government; Taiwan does not have the authority to command troops; Taiwan has no diplomatic power. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan Unification of Taiwan in 2026: Impacts, Consequences, and Risks. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. |
| Prediction: The Taiwan issue will inevitably lead to a military solution. | Creation by Ye Qiquan |
| content: 1. Taiwan will not initiate peace negotiations; 2. The mainland will not initiate substantive peace negotiations; 3. Mainland Chinese citizens oppose “one country, two systems”; 4. Taiwanese people oppose “one country, two systems”. 5. Taiwan is the switch that will trigger Japan’s return to Asia; the mainland must quickly establish complete and substantial control over Taiwan. 6. Taiwan is the foundation for China to establish an “effective land sword” capability; 7. Taiwan is the foundation for China to establish a new order in East Asia; it is also the foundation for the subsequent construction of an imperial order. 8. Military action is a prerequisite for forcing the United States into a military conflict with China; 9. Military action is a prerequisite for forcing the United States to completely withdraw its military and political presence from East Asia; All derivative works based on the above fundamental content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. Chapter 10, The Implementation Path and Accompanying Characteristics of China’s Reunification. Reunification of Taiwan in 2026: Impacts, Influences, and Risks. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. Yeh Chi-Chuan. Taiwan, the Cornerstone of the Chinese Empire. 2025. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. |
Original Concept / Copyright Statement (February 16, 2026 Edition)
| National war intensity; and calculation system | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: A nation’s overall war capability can be measured using a computational system. This system and its results can be described as “national war intensity” or any other term. Ye Qiquan’s computational system for calculating a nation’s overall war capability includes several computational units: geographical units (including land area and geographical features); political units (including population data; organizational capacity; national history; current military assets and structure); economic units (including agricultural production capacity; industrial production capacity; service sector production capacity; sustained war mobilization capacity; and military technology level); and state of war. The copyright, original concept ownership, and computational framework version of any war capability computational system that includes the above computational elements belong to Ye Qiquan. The copyright of any computational framework derived from the above basic framework also belongs to Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capability. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. (2025). Mathematical Model to Predict Wars. Saudi J. Humanities Soc. Sci. 2025. Vol 10 (5); 243-256. | ||||||||||
| National War Intensity Rankings for 2022 | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Based on publicly available data prior to April 2022, and using Ye Qiquan’s “National War Intensity” calculation system, a ranking of the static war capabilities of 170 countries (regions) was calculated. Some of the rankings are as follows: CountryScore 8: Saudi Arabia 443.7 1China 888.9 9Japan 433.0 2. United States 820.6 10 Indonesia 424.2 3Russian Federation 722.2 11 Iran, Islamic Rep. 413.4 4India 607.8 12 United Kingdom 412.6 5Brazil 515.8 13Germany 396.0 6 Canada 482.8 14 France 394.7 7Australia 474.1 15Turkiye 384.2 References: Ye Qiquan. The essential attributes of war and national war-making capabilities. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. (2025). Mathematical Model to Predict Wars. Saudi J. Humanities Soc. Sci. 2025. Vol 10 (5); 243-256. | ||||||||||
| Military alliance war intensity and calculation system | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Within a military alliance, each member’s level of war commitment varies. By combining the level of war commitment of each member with their national war intensity and performing complex calculations, the overall war capability of a war alliance can be calculated. This overall war capability of a war alliance can be named “Alliance War Intensity” or any other name. Ye Qiquan’s series of predictions regarding the Ukraine war (a potential European war in 2022) are all based on the calculation results of this “military alliance war intensity.” His series of predictions have been verified one by one by the course of the war over the past four years. If the relevant countries had followed his series of political predictions, Europe could have saved at least hundreds of billions of dollars in ineffective expenditures and avoided hundreds of thousands of casualties. Any war capability calculation system that incorporates the above calculation parameters and the different levels of war commitment of countries within a military alliance belongs to Ye Qiquan for its content copyright, original concept ownership, and calculation framework version. Based on the above basic framework, the derived computational framework remains copyrighted by Ye Qiquan. Reference: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capability. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| “The border wall on the Ukrainian battlefield,” as well as the L1 and L2 lines. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| First published on April 26, 2022, submitted to Opinion@guardian.co.uk; second published on May 23, 2022, submitted to International Security; and finally published on September 18, 2022, on a Google blog. Content: As early as April 26, 2022, the second month of the “Special Military Operation,” Ye Qiquan proposed that “there are two border walls in the Ukrainian war.” The war will be protracted between these two border walls. The L1 and L2 lines are the border walls of the Ukrainian battlefield as defined by Ye Qiquan. The L1 line is the geographical boundary formed by the Dnieper River as its baseline (it may include an extension of 25 kilometers along the Black Sea coast). The L2 line is the geographical area bounded by the complete administrative borders to the west and northwest of the Luhansk and Donetsk regions. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. | ||||||||||
| Prediction: Russia will move its national security border to the L1 line. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: On May 23 and June 18, 2022, Ye Qiquan explicitly predicted that the war in Ukraine would be protracted between the L1 and L2 lines. However, from a 100-year perspective, the probability of Russia moving its national security borders to the L1 line is close to 100%. All derivative content based on the above fundamental content, the original concept ownership and copyright belong to Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. (2025). Background of Russia’s National Strategy. Political Forecasts and In-Depth Analysis. August 2026. Volume 1 (3). Coming Soon. Ye Qiquan. (2023). Whose War? Winners and Losers in the Russo-Ukrainian War. PPPNET. Feb. 11, 2023. https://pppnet.net/players-winning-or-losing-from-russia-ukraine-war-2/.Accessed at Wednesday, February 18, 2026. | ||||||||||
| Definition of War (Philosophical Definition of War) | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: War is a continuous competitive action undertaken by a group to secure survival and reproduction opportunities within an ecosystem. At the individual level, war manifests as combat capabilities. At the group level, war manifests as a persistent, single-key state. War is not a state unique to humans, nor is it a capability unique to humans. The state of war is shared by all organisms within the entire Earth’s ecosystem. The capability of war is shared by all individual organisms within the Earth’s ecosystem. All derivative content built upon the above fundamental concepts, and the original concept ownership and copyright, belong to Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| One of the attributes of war: universality | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: War is a universal state of biological competition within the Earth’s ecosystem, not unique to humans. Every individual organism possesses the capacity for war, which is also not unique to humans. Not only humans possess this capacity, but all other animals, all plants, and all microorganisms also possess it. The capacity for war is a fundamental ability upon which biological populations depend for survival, reproduction, and evolution. Universality: All individual organisms possess the capacity for war. War is a universal and continuous state of biological competition within the Earth’s ecosystem. All derivative content based on the above fundamental principles is the original concept, ownership, and copyright of Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| One of the attributes of war: biological. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: War is a biological capability. It is the ability shared by all organisms to achieve the continuous evolution and reproduction of the species by strengthening their own competitive capabilities. This capability becomes a kind of DNA memory, recorded in the organism’s DNA database. The attributes of war are not only inherited at the individual level, but also continuously developed and evolved at the group level. The transmission of the biological attributes of war occurs in four ways: including heredity; transmission and inheritance; evolution and degeneration; and drift. All derivative content based on the above basic content, the original concept ownership and copyright belong to Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| The biological attributes of war: collectivism and collective strategy | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Collectivism and collective strategies are crucial for ensuring the continuation of biological groups. Whether protozoa, plants, or animals, collectivism and collective strategies are the most fundamental strategies for the survival of biological populations. All derivative content built upon these fundamental principles is the original concept and copyright of Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| The biological attribute of war: altruism | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Altruism is a typical manifestation of the group nature of war. It is the typical outward characteristic of war capability at the group level, where individual and collective integration, and the fusion of self-interest and altruism, occur. Altruism is the process by which an individual in a group integrates their individual uniqueness into the group’s consistency while obeying or pursuing the group’s interests. Altruism is the ability of a single individual to abandon their own uniqueness in order to obey the group’s interests. There are two main outward manifestations of altruism: heroic altruism and collectivist altruism. All derivative content based on the above fundamental concepts belongs to Ye Qiquan as the original conceptual owner and copyright holder. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| One of the attributes of war: its economic attributes | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: War is a perpetual theme in the process of biological evolution. Economic considerations are the sole guiding principle and central axis of war. The economic attributes of war comprise three components: the causes of war are driven by economic objectives; the course of war is dominated by economic resources; and the outcome of war is reflected in economic adjudication. All derivative content based on the above fundamental concepts is the original concept and copyright of Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| Economic objectives drive war | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: The more effective use, seizure, and exploitation of exogenous resources is the endogenous driving force of biological evolution; brutal biological warfare leads to biodiversity; peaceful coexistence within species depends on the order of resource allocation. The fundamental means of establishing an effective internal distribution order is warfare. All derivative content based on the above fundamental content, the original concept ownership and copyright belong to Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| Social institutions are the ways in which economic power is used. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Human social systems are not actively chosen by humans; they are the optimal way of using economic power, selected through the process of war. This optimal way of using economic power can decisively influence the course and outcome of war. When classifying human social systems from the perspective of the use of economic power, they can be divided into the following categories: Equal societies (including matrilineal families, matrilineal communes, patrilineal families, patrilineal communes, and early tribes); Vaguely centralized societies (or unipolar societies), i.e., typical tribal alliances or large tribes; Feudal societies (or multi-level societies), i.e., typical early state forms in European and American countries, and current states “widely referred to as capitalist societies”; Centralized societies, early monarchical states, and the few remaining socialist states of today, typically small, surviving monarchical states. All derivative works built upon the above fundamental concepts are owned and copyrighted by Ye Qiquan. Reference: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| Economic factors dominate the course and outcome of war. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Economic power is the foundation for the formation, maintenance, and expansion of empires; economic strength determines the dominant weapons on the battlefield; economic strength, from a historical perspective, dictates the outcome of wars; all derivative content based on the above fundamental principles, the original concept ownership and copyright belong to Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| The outcome of a war determines the order of resource allocation. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: The political power order, economic adjudication, and resource allocation order are all based on the outcome of war; there is no soft power. “Soft power” is simply a low-cost means of exerting hard power. Financial power is not unique to capitalist societies; it is merely given different degrees of integration with political power at certain historical stages. In the so-called “capitalist society” stage, financial power is endowed with “the political power to participate in the redistribution of social wealth.” All derivative works based on the above fundamental content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| Economic efficiency has pushed carrier battle groups out of the center of the war stage. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Among the three components of “effective range,” online opinion generally agrees that China’s medium-range missiles have an advantage over US ship-launched weapons in terms of “operational range” and “economic efficiency.” Once the “destructive effect” of China’s land-based weapons is effectively verified, US sea-based weapon systems will rapidly move away from the center of the war. Carrier battle groups may be downgraded to theater-level weapons. Of the three indicators constituting “effective range,” economic efficiency is defined by Ye Qiquan as the most important. It is the most fundamental indicator for defining “decisive weapons on the battlefield.” In this comparison, US main weapons lag far behind Chinese weapons. Comparison of the costs of Chinese anti-ship weapons and US carrier fleets (2022 data): Item Unit Price (million USD) Exchange Value (million USD) Equivalent Quantity (pieces) Dongfeng-21D 24 269 35.31 122 Dongfeng-23 30 269 35.38 98 Table by: Ye Qiquan (PPPNet www.pppnet.net) All derivative works based on the above fundamental content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Yeh, Chi-Chuan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. Yeh, Chi-Chuan. Unification of Taiwan in 2026: Impacts, Influences, and Risks. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| Sea power politics (order) is entering a downward spiral. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: In the history of human empires, the history of land-based empires occupies the majority of the historical process. The order of sea-based empires is short-lived. Once land-based weapons regain their advantage in “effective range,” the importance of sea-based weapons will inevitably decline. The political order of sea power will also decline in tandem. In the struggle between the American empire and the Chinese empire, even if the United States ultimately prevails, it will inevitably rely on the advancement of land-based weapons rather than sea-based weapons. Even if this outcome occurs, it cannot change the long-term trend of the gradual decline of sea power. All derivative content based on the above fundamental content, the original concept ownership and copyright belong to Ye Qiquan. Reference: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capability. 2024. Rizhe Publishing House, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| The attributes of war: philosophical and political attributes | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Human warfare possesses a unique attribute not found in other forms of biological warfare: its philosophical and political nature. This means that war is not humanity’s only means of survival. Humanity possesses the capacity to “actively avoid and escape war.” This is the distinctive characteristic of human warfare. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| Humans are the only organisms that possess both “plant-like” and “animal-like” characteristics. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Since the development of agricultural technology, philosophically speaking, humans have evolved into the only species in the Earth’s ecosystem that simultaneously possesses animal and plant attributes. Humans have thus broken free from the sole path of animals—relying on war and plunder to sustain individual survival and group reproduction. All derivative content built upon the above fundamental principles is the original conceptual ownership and copyright of Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| Agricultural technology is the economic foundation for humanity to escape war. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Whether it’s gathering, hunting, or mutual warfare, philosophically speaking, all of these are acts of war in which animals plunder and steal the chemical energy of other organisms. Plundering and stealing the chemical energy of other organisms is the only mode of survival and means for animals. Agricultural technology has given humanity, from a philosophical perspective, the ability to utilize exogenous solar energy. Humans now possess the ability to synthesize bioenergy using exogenous solar energy. That is, humanity has thus acquired “plant-based productivity.” Since humanity possessed “plant attributes,” war, plunder, and robbery are no longer humanity’s only means of survival. For the first time, humanity possessed the ability to reproduce through “production” rather than “plunder.” Humanity has thus gained the ability to escape war. All derivative content based on the above fundamental content, the original concept ownership and copyright of which belong to Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| War is the cornerstone of human evolution. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Archaeological evidence proves that early “homophytes” did not occupy a dominant ecological niche in the Earth’s ecosystem. The disappearance of many subgenera of “homophytes” throughout history demonstrates that early “homophytes” faced severe competition. The extinction of other human subspecies and close relatives suggests that biological competition is brutal. The vast majority of subgroups of the genus *Homo* experienced defeat in the process of biological warfare. *Homo sapiens*, as a subgroup of the genus *Homo*, ultimately occupied the optimal ecological position in the Earth’s ecosystem through the process of biological warfare. This determined that humans possess decisive power in the allocation of Earth’s resources. This competitive outcome stemmed from the process of warfare. All derivative content based on the above fundamental content, the original concept ownership and copyright of which belong to Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| Humanity has not escaped the risk of “losing in the competition for species”. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: If we extend the scope of philosophical research to the Earth’s ecosystem, we can see that humanity has not escaped the risk of “losing in the competition between species.” In the history of species evolution, humanity’s species advantage was an extremely short-lived period. Within the Earth’s ecosystem, there is no shortage of organisms far superior to or stronger than humans in individual biological characteristics. Ye Qiquan believes that one path of biological evolution cannot be ruled out: “biological drift.” This refers to a type of organism suddenly acquiring a biological advantage possessed only by organisms from “other families, orders, or even other classes.” The combination of several biological advantages may enable a certain type of organism to surpass humans in overall competitive ability. In the “era of high-efficiency slavery,” “high-efficiency slaves” may have acquired “reproductive capacity or self-replication ability” through various means, thus far surpassing humans in overall competitiveness. Maintaining appropriate competitive pressure, urging humanity to maintain evolutionary pressure, and preventing the rapid decline of human warfare capabilities are effective ways to maintain humanity’s species advantage. All derivative content based on the above fundamental content, the original concept ownership and copyright of which belong to Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| High-efficiency slaves | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Technological advancements and the emergence of highly intelligent robots will not lead to the scenario Elon Musk and Ilya Sutskever suggest, where “humans lose their enthusiasm and sense of necessity for work.” Order is always necessary in the Earth’s ecosystem, human society, within a nation, and even within a company. The probability of losing order is not zero, but periods of disorder are always extremely brief. Brief periods of disorder can only lead to the establishment of a new order; highly intelligent robots can never bring about a situation where humans are idle. A fundamental requirement of a system’s order is that everyone has a corresponding social position. Order without relatively stable social positions is chaotic order. A process of chaos is the beginning of a new order; highly intelligent robots are unlikely to achieve overall competitiveness superior to humans. As long as humans possess the ability to prevent or sever the “self-reproduction ability” of highly intelligent robots, they can designate them as “perpetually highly efficient slaves.” All derivative works based on the above fundamental content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| War is a fundamental means for humankind to establish internal order. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: As species compete for ecological positions within the Earth’s ecosystem, the struggle for resources among species never ceases. In the 5000 years of human history currently recognized by archaeology and history, imperial history and the history of war are the main themes. The emergence, formation, continuation, and decline of the dominant empires in each region are dynamic histories of war. Whenever a new imperial order emerges, a new system of resource allocation takes shape. All derivative content based on the above fundamental concepts is owned and copyrighted by Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| War participates in the cycle of imperial rise and fall | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: War, the struggle for dominant power, the expansion of the ” layer power gap “, the establishment of resource allocation order, the operation and maintenance of order, the narrowing of the ” layer power gap “, the decline and instability of order, and a new round of war. This cyclical process is the basic law of human warfare, and based on this, the rise and fall cycle of empires is formed. All derivative works based on the above fundamental content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Rise and Fall Cycles of Empires. Coming soon. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| The Rise and Fall of Empires | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: The imperial life cycle repeats itself continuously: the gestation period (decline of an empire), the formation period, the rise of an empire, the maintenance period, and the decline of an empire. This is the universal cycle of imperial rise and fall. All derivative works based on the above fundamental concepts are owned and copyrighted by Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Rise and Fall of Empires. Coming soon. Ralph Press, Canada. First edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| Basic patterns of human beings avoiding war | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Agricultural revolution; wealth growth; relatively high cost of war; cooperative wealth growth; mutual benefit of the tribute system; tribute and submission; alliance and betrayal. All derivative content built upon the above basic concepts is the original conceptual ownership and copyright of Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| War is a necessity for human progress. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: War establishes humanity’s advantageous ecological niche; war enhances humanity’s competitiveness; humanity lacks comprehensive species advantages; humanity faces the risk of failing in “overall competitiveness”; the pressure of war prevents humanity from self-degradation; war is the fundamental way to maintain the driving force of human evolution. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| War prevents humanity from degenerating. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Humanity is currently showing signs of rapid degeneration; heroes are needed to stop this trend of total human degeneration; the pressure of war is the fundamental way to prevent this rapid and comprehensive human degeneration. All derivative works based on the above basic content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Rise and Fall Cycle of Empires. Coming soon. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and the War Capacity of Nations. 2026. Ralph Press, Canada. Second Edition. Toronto. (Coming soon) | ||||||||||
| The components of human warfare capabilities | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Three elements constitute the foundation of human warfare capabilities. These are: primary productivity of the Earth; human cost of maintaining a constant temperature; and human creativity. Due to the importance of social institutions, they can be separated from the “human creativity” element to form a fourth element. All derivative content based on the above fundamentals is the original concept and copyright of Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| War and “Human Social Institutions” | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Competition and war drive humanity to choose the most advantageous social system under the historical conditions of the time. Of course, outstanding politicians accelerate this process. From the perspective of mobilizing economic power for war, human social systems can be categorized as follows: Matriarchal societies (including matriarchal clans and matriarchal communes); patriarchal societies (including patriarchal clans, patriarchal communes, and early tribes); ambiguous centralized societies (or single-layered power societies, unipolar centralized societies); feudal decentralized societies (the monarchical system in China before the Qin Dynasty, the kingdom system in modern Europe, modern capitalist countries represented by the United States and France, the socialist system in modern China, the monarchical systems of Britain, Thailand, and Myanmar, and the caste system in India); and centralized societies (including the dynastic system in China after the Qin Dynasty and modern small Arab kingdoms). All derivative works based on the above fundamental content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capacity. 2026. Ralph Press, Canada. Second Edition. Toronto. (Coming Soon) | ||||||||||
| Human social systems and war capabilities | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Matriarchal societies and patriarchal societies have weak war capabilities; single-layered power societies (vague centralized societies) have strong war capabilities; feudal decentralized societies (multi-layered power societies) have very strong war capabilities; and centralized societies have extremely powerful war capabilities. All derivative works built upon the above fundamental concepts are the original conceptual property and copyright of Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan, *The Rise and Fall of Empires*, forthcoming, Ralph Press, Toronto, Canada. First Edition. Ye Qiquan, *The Essential Attributes of War and the War Capacity of Nations*, 2026, Ralph Press, Toronto, Canada. Second Edition. (Forthcoming) | ||||||||||
| Capitalist society and slave society do not fall under the category of social systems. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: In the stage of social development where slavery exists on a large scale, slaves have no social attributes, only economic attributes. In the near future, in various social systems where humanity coexists, large-scale “highly efficient slaves” will exist extensively. Not endowing “highly efficient slaves” with social attributes is a necessary solution for humanity as a species to maintain its “overall competitive advantage.” Capital (including industrial capital, financial capital, and state capital) exists in any stage of society. Different human social systems (or stages of development) will endow capital with different levels of “political power.” In the so-called “capitalist society” and even some “socialist” national systems, modern financial capital has been endowed with “a scheme of combining with political power on a large scale.” Modern financial capital already possesses powerful “attached political power,” but it still cannot possess “independent political power.” The so-called “capitalist society” has lost its philosophical foundation for naming. All derivative content based on the above basic content, the original concept ownership and copyright belong to Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. The Rise and Fall Cycle of Empires. Coming soon. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and the War Capacity of Nations. 2026. Ralph Press, Canada. Second Edition. Toronto. (Coming soon) | ||||||||||
| The Relationship Between Economic Path and War Logic | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: War and plunder are the only survival paths for animal species; humans, as animal species, cannot escape war as a fundamental survival path; with the development of agricultural technology, humans, from a philosophical perspective, acquired “plant attributes.” Humans possessed a survival path other than war, namely the production path. Some human subgroups, able to meet their survival and reproduction needs through the “production path,” naturally developed a “defensive war logic.” They relied on this war logic to protect their property and propagate their population. For other human subgroups, the “production path” could only serve as a supplementary path to maintain their survival and reproduction needs. The “war and plunder path” became essential for their survival and reproduction. They naturally developed an “offensive war logic.” All derivative works based on the above fundamental content belong to Ye Qiquan in terms of original concept ownership and copyright. References: Ye Qiquan. The Rise and Fall Cycle of Empires. Coming soon. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. The Essential Attributes of War and the War Capacity of Nations. 2026. Ralph Press, Canada. Second Edition. Toronto. (Coming soon) | ||||||||||
| The fundamental driving force of weapons development history | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: The most primal impulse driving weapons advancement is the pursuit of greater, even the greatest, lethal range, i.e., the pursuit of maximum firing range. In most eras of weapon technology, weapons with the greatest firing range often fail to become the dominant weapons on the battlefield. Dominant weapons on the battlefield must possess the comprehensive advantage of “effective range.” “Effective range” is the true and practical driving force behind weapons development and advancement. All derivative content based on the above fundamental principles is the original concept and copyright of Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan, *The Rise and Fall of Empires*. Forthcoming. Liz Publishing House, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan, *The Essential Attributes of War and National War Capability*. 2026. Liz Publishing House, Canada. Second Edition. Toronto. (Forthcoming) | ||||||||||
| Prediction: Europe has officially entered a recession that will last at least 200 years. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: First published on February 18, 2023; republished on Sunday, February 2, 2025. Since February 24, 2022, Europe has officially entered a period of decline. This period of decline will last at least 200 years; the European war of February 24, 2022, officially declared Europe’s expulsion from the “imperial order power group.” Europe was forced to join a “war that weakens its long-term interests”; Europe was thus divided into the “European part” and the “Russian part.” The “Ukrainian trench,” serving as a buffer zone, will function effectively for at least 50 years, and possibly as long as 100 or 200 years; Europe’s international political status has been severely weakened. More profoundly, Europe’s geopolitical power has been severely weakened; the main body of Europe is far from the “imperial development zone,” and Europe’s resurgence faces more difficulties than regions located within the imperial development zone; all derivative content based on the above fundamental content, the original concept ownership and copyright belong to Ye Qiquan. References: 1. PPPNET. (2023). First Released Concept/First Concept Announcement. PPPNET.NET. https://pppnet.net/first-released-concept-announcement-2/. Accessed on Tuesday, February 17, 2026. 2. YouTube. (2025). B5eu Europe is going to suffer for 200 years (PC version). YouTube. Feb. 2, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6MdRs4-mnsU&list=PLUlOJk7MNDBhhEfzR2yPsfQcRu97Ob_dJ&index=13. Accessed on Tuesday, February 17, 2026. 3. YouTube. (2025). B3a1 Can rearmament save Europe? YouTube. Mar. 23, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oK5d24Cbg0Q&list=PLUlOJk7MNDBhhEfzR2yPsfQcRu97Ob_dJ&index=4. Accessed on Tuesday, February 17, 2026. | ||||||||||
| Europe’s resurgence depends on Ye Qiquan’s rescue. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Europe’s decline will be long and slow; Europe will maintain its position as a pole of “world wealth” for a long time; the waning of European confidence will be a slow process, parallel to the overall decline in economic status; without seizing a “new economic pillar,” Europe’s position as a “world wealth pillar” will be difficult to maintain; after the decline of European confidence, infighting among Europeans will occur; if infighting among Europeans occurs after a severe decline in economic status, many powerful nations will not intervene fully; approximately 150 years later, when Europeans can no longer endure the suffering, they will desperately search for a “solution to save Europe.” At that time, they will find the prophecy made by Ye Qiquan 150 years ago in old book warehouses. However, whether they can find the specific plan written by Ye Qiquan back then is a high-risk question. All derivative content based on the above basic content, the original concept ownership and copyright belong to Ye Qiquan. References: 1. PPPNET. (2023). First Released Concept/First Concept Announcement. PPPNET.NET. https://pppnet.net/first-released-concept-announcement-2/. Accessed on Tuesday, February 17, 2026. 2. YouTube. (2025). B5eu Europe is going to suffer for 200 years (PC version). YouTube. Feb. 2, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6MdRs4-mnsU&list=PLUlOJk7MNDBhhEfzR2yPsfQcRu97Ob_dJ&index=13. Accessed on Tuesday, February 17, 2026. 3. YouTube. (2025). B3a1 Can rearmament save Europe? YouTube. Mar. 23, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oK5d24Cbg0Q&list=PLUlOJk7MNDBhhEfzR2yPsfQcRu97Ob_dJ&index=4. Accessed on Tuesday, February 17, 2026. | ||||||||||
| (The narrative of European victory related to the Ukraine war) | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: First published on June 22, 2025. European politicians and public opinion generally support the war and are striving to prolong its duration and intensify its intensity. This is an international political fact; in the five years prior to the outbreak of the special military operation (European War) on February 24, 2022, the English-speaking media had already launched a widespread “civilian cultural war” to expel Russia from Europe; based on economic and military statistics, Europe as a whole possesses a comprehensive advantage over Russia; opposition to Russia and further division of Russia are both historical and realistic idealistic sentiments in Europe; the Ukraine war (2022 European War) has successfully entered the war of attrition phase. Dragging Russia into a war of attrition is a key long-term strategy for Europe to contain Russia;1 During the Ukraine war, Finland and Sweden successfully joined NATO. This effectively established a “northern blockade” to prevent Russia from invading Europe from the north;6.2 The joining of Finland and Sweden to NATO brought another political and military fact. That is, Russia has lost its maritime military operational capabilities in the Baltic and North Seas; the above points have established a general European optimism and a “victory narrative” regarding the “Ukrainian war.” This optimistic narrative, or victory narrative, can be termed “European victory theory.” Ye Qiquan believes that the “European victory theory” narrative provides theoretical and public support for the continuation of the war in Ukraine, making an end to the war and an effective ceasefire difficult. All interpretations based on the above fundamental content, including their initial concepts, are the property and copyright of Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. (2026). The European Victory Theory and Its Boundaries of Application. Political Prediction and In-Depth Analysis. August 2026. Volume 1 (3): (forthcoming). | ||||||||||
| (The narrative of European defeatism related to the war in Ukraine) | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: First published: June 22, 2025. European politicians have always been adept at manipulating international current affairs and politics. Europeans generally hold an optimistic view of the Ukrainian war, based on their tradition in international politics. However, from the perspective of Eastern philosophy, this optimism is unlikely to last. At least Ye Qiquan leans towards the “European defeat theory.” Ye Qiquan believes that Europe’s statistical advantage over Russia in economic and military terms only applies to the battlefield area between the L1 and L2 lines; that is, the statistical basis of the “European victory theory” has a strict applicable range. The fragmentation of Europe has led to a substantial weakening of Europe’s overall geopolitical power. The decline (downgrading) of all political power and political strength built upon geopolitical power is inevitable; Europe’s economic power and prospects have been significantly weakened; the continued rise in hostility continues to deplete the economic and political power of both Europe and Russia; Europe has lost its political and moral reputation as a top political power; Europe has lost its political investment appeal; China has changed its “basic policy of supporting European unity and strength.” China will implement a policy of weakening Europe at the fundamental level. Once it is confirmed that China has changed its “basic policy of supporting European unity and strength,” it is difficult to conclude that Europe has won the war in Ukraine. Ye Qiquan believes that when analyzing the war in Ukraine from a broader and longer-term perspective, it can be basically concluded that Europe is the losing side. Compared with the “European victory theory” which encourages and supports the war in Ukraine, the “European defeat theory” will remind Europeans to shrink the scale of the war and shorten its duration as soon as possible. All the derivative content based on the above basic content, the original concept ownership and copyright belong to Ye Qiquan. Reference: Ye Qiquan. (2026). The War in Ukraine: The Conflict Between the European Victory Theory and the European Defeat Theory. Political Prediction and In-Depth. August 2026. Volume 1 (3): (forthcoming). | ||||||||||
| Prediction: The Space for “One Country, Two Systems” in Taiwan | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: In 2019, Yeh Chi-chuan explicitly predicted that “Taiwan may lose substantial space under the ‘one country, two systems’ framework.” In interpreting the 2022 white paper, Yeh Chi-chuan argued that the Chinese central government had clearly defined Taiwan’s space under the “one country, two systems” framework. This includes: the status of a Special Administrative Region is not confirmed; Taiwanese officials must accept central government supervision; Taiwan has no military command authority; and Taiwan has no diplomatic power. All derivative works built upon the above fundamental concepts are owned and copyrighted by Yeh Chi-Chuan. Reference: Yeh Chi-Chuan. Unification of Taiwan in 2026: Impacts, Influences, and Risks. 2024. Ralph Publishers, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| Prediction: The Taiwan issue will inevitably lead to a military solution. | Creation by Ye Qiquan | |||||||||
| Content: Taiwan will not initiate peace negotiations; the mainland will not substantively initiate peace negotiations; the mainland people oppose “one country, two systems”; the Taiwanese people oppose “one country, two systems.” Taiwan is the switch to trigger Japan’s return to Asia; the mainland must quickly establish complete and substantive control over Taiwan; Taiwan is the foundation for China to establish an “effective land sword” function; Taiwan is the foundation for China to establish a new order in East Asia; it is the foundation for the subsequent construction of an imperial order; military action is a prerequisite for forcing the United States to engage in military conflict with China; military action is a prerequisite for forcing the United States to completely withdraw its military and political presence from East Asia; all derivative content based on the above basic content, the original concept ownership and copyright belong to Ye Qiquan. References: Ye Qiquan. Chapter 10, The Implementation Path and Accompanying Characteristics of China’s Reunification. Unification of Taiwan in 2026: Impact, Influence, and Risks. 2024. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. Ye Qiquan. Taiwan, the Cornerstone of the Chinese Empire. 2025. Ralph Press, Canada. First Edition. Toronto. | ||||||||||
| Compiled by: Ye Qiquan (PPPNet www.pppnet.net) | ||||||||||